A new energy landscape update for First Nations in Western Australia provides an overview of policy, regulatory and financial hurdles and opportunities for First Nations groups and communities wanting to pursue clean energy solutions.

Western Australia’s energy transition, including the shift towards large-scale renewable energy projects, is increasingly occurring on First Nations land. In this context, ensuring that the transition delivers meaningful and lasting benefits for First Nations people and communities is a critical policy and governance issue. 

Given the complex interaction between native title, Crown land management and private property rights, there is an ongoing need to carefully consider how First Nations rights and interests are recognised and protected, and how the economic and social benefits of renewable energy development are equitably shared with the Traditional Owners whose lands are central to the transition.

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As global fuel prices surge amid devastating impacts on families and the development of a humanitarian crisis through conflict in the Middle East, many of us and our critical industries are feeling the pinch. 

In remote First Nations communities primarily reliant on diesel power stations, the steep price hikes are a reminder of a deeper, ongoing vulnerability. 

Australian First Nations households and communities accessing electricity through prepayment arrangements experience extremely high levels of energy insecurity. In many cases, there is an absence of consumer protections, financial hardship assistance, or debt and disconnection relief. Until recently, these arrangements have largely avoided scrutiny.

While awareness of prepayment for electricity has improved, our research is the first national project to shine a spotlight on the previously hidden experiences of First Nations households using prepayment. The research incorporates household surveys and household-level energy use data to show that frequent disconnections are impacting food security, health, wellbeing and economic participation for First Nations prepayment customers.

Australia is entering a new era of energy-driven economic development, powered by the potential of lower cost renewables. The consent for access to First Nations’ extensive land and sea estates will be needed. It is incumbent on leaders and policymakers to recognise those same communities remain at risk of being left behind; underserved by policy and regulation to pursue opportunities that would secure their own energy futures.

To overcome these structural disadvantages Australian governments must be guided by existing frameworks, including the First Nations Clean Energy Strategy and Closing the Gap targets, and take action to ensure regulators and energy retailers work together to improve the experiences of First Nations people across all key reform areas.

There is considerable scope and opportunity for existing processes to include prepayment customers, and to bring regulation, reporting requirements and policy responses for prepayment customers in line with National Energy Market rules and regulatory standards.

Energy is an essential service that must be accessible by all, regardless of billing arrangements, location or income level. This can be achieved through the application of a nationally consistent consumer protection framework and guaranteed service levels for all customer groups.

The overarching goal of this research and associated proposals for prepayment reform is to keep First Nations people connected to power. This is consistent with wider recognition of energy as an essential service and that no- one should be disconnected due to inability to afford the energy they need.

Cite: Original Power and the prepay research team (2025) The Right to Power - Keeping First Nations communities on prepayment connected. Melbourne, Australia.

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Access to energy is a fundamental right. Yet land critical to Australia’s aspirations for becoming a green energy superpower are among the worst served by today’s electricity retail regulations.

The energy transformation in New South Wales has included a range of initiatives for First Nations people. 

Governments in the United States and Canada have already realised that establishing the right partnerships with First Nations in the clean energy transition is an investment decision.

Despite the potential benefits, getting rooftop solar projects up and running hasn't been easy.